When calculating the ion flow field in engineering
some assumptions are usually used to simplify the calculation
and the microscopic mechanism of corona discharge is not related to the macroscopic characteristics. The ionosphere is the dominant region of corona discharge. Therefore
we established a coaxial cylindrical electrode model of fluid dynamics coupled Poisson equation by using the average discharge parameters
calculated and analyzed the electric field distribution in the ionosphere and the microscopic physical change process of each particle during negative corona discharge
and explained the pulse discharge mechanism of electric field intensity and corona current on the surface of negative conductor. It is found that negative ions play a key role in the discrimination of electric field intensity and ionospheric thickness at the ionosphere. Moerover
the ionospheric thickness of different radius wires is simulated and calculated
and the variation law between the radius of the wire and the ionospheric thickness is obtained. The results show that when the radius of the wire is large
the ionospheric thickness of the wire cannot be ignored. The ionospheric boundary is proposed as the iterative starting point of the numerical algorithm of ion flow field
which can improve the calculation speed and iterative convergence. Taking the actual working condition wire as an example
we calculated the influence of different temperature
pressure and humidity on the ionospheric thickness
and analyzed the reasons for the change of ionospheric thickness caused by different environmental parameters. The research results of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the microscopic physical mechanism of corona discharge of transmission lines
the ionospheric thickness of the conductor during negative corona discharge is calculated under different environmental parameters
which provides a reference for the calculation of ion flow field in engineering.