The existing control strategies of battery energy storage system (BESS) participating in primary frequency regulation are difficult to maintain state of charge (SOC) within a reasonable range while ensuring the stability of system frequency. To solve this problem

a primary frequency regulation control strategy for energy storage based on system frequency and SOC state prediction is proposed. Firstly

according to the change of system frequency

fuzzy control is used to adaptively allocate the output proportion of droop control

virtual inertia

and negative virtual inertia control of BESS. Secondly

according to the current load disturbance of the sampling point

system state variables

and SOC

a model predictive control (MPC) prediction model is adopted to construct its cost function

and quadratic programming is solved to obtain the current optimal charge and discharge coefficient of BESS. Thirdly

rolling optimization of MPC prediction model and cost function are performed according to the output SOC and the actual value of system frequency. Finally

a primary frequency regulation model containing BESS is built by using simulation software

and the effectiveness of this strategy is verified by simulation under step and continuous disturbance conditions. The simulation results show that this strategy can not only fully exert the frequency regulation potential of BESS

improve system frequency

reduce the number of unit frequency regulation actions

but also maintain SOC within a reasonable range. This strategy can provide a useful reference for related research on energy storage participating in primary frequency regulation.