XIAO Jun, HE Guowei, WANG Dan, et al. A New Distribution System Configuration Featured With Normalized Secure and Efficient Bidirectional Power Flow[J]. 2026, 50(3): 1017-1026.
DOI:
XIAO Jun, HE Guowei, WANG Dan, et al. A New Distribution System Configuration Featured With Normalized Secure and Efficient Bidirectional Power Flow[J]. 2026, 50(3): 1017-1026. DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2025.1328.
A New Distribution System Configuration Featured With Normalized Secure and Efficient Bidirectional Power Flow
The future configuration of the distribution system presents various possibilities. Considering the actual conditions of China's distribution networks is characterized by ‘red zone’ restrictions
high cost of energy storage
and well-developed but underutilized infrastructure
this paper proposes a normalized secure and efficient bidirectional power flow configuration of hierarchical distribution networks. First
existing configurations and major new configurations of distribution networks are introduced. Secondly
a new distribution system configuration with normalized bidirectional power flow is proposed. Normalized bidirectional power flow encourages both forward and reverse power flow at different voltage levels under safe operating conditions. This paper argues that the inherent spatiotemporal mismatch between renewable generation and load is not merely a normal operational characteristic but
more fundamentally
justifies the existence of hierarchical distribution networks. Distribution networks should facilitate more flexible and extensive integration of distributed renewable energy with limited energy storage and flexible interconnections
maximizing the utilization potential at all voltage levels. Finally
a planning scheme based on the proposed distribution system configuration is developed using the extended T24D10 test case. The test case includes complete voltage-level sequences for the power distribution system
covering 0.4kV
10kV
110kV
and 220kV. A technical and economic comparison with a local-balancing configuration demonstrates the superiority of the proposed configuration. At the same renewable energy penetration rate
the proposed configuration significantly reduces the required energy storage capacity and improves bidirectional utilization efficiency across all voltage levels. This configuration also has the potential to increase the upper limit of the red zone under non-mandatory energy storage integration and limited energy storage allocation on the grid side. The proposed configuration and operational mode require minimal modifications to existing distribution systems
making it a promising direction for developing new distribution systems suited to China's national conditions.