Synchronous-like Mechanism Analysis and Inertia Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms Integrated HVDC System

LIN Xinhao; HE Zhen; MA Junchao; WANG Chenxu; LIU Jianing; NIAN Heng

doi:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.251576

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Synchronous-like Mechanism Analysis and Inertia Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms Integrated HVDC System

更新时间：2026-09-28

- Synchronous-like Mechanism Analysis and Inertia Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms Integrated HVDC System
- Vol. 46, Issue 16, Pages: 6006-6017(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 1 浙江大学电气工程学院,浙江省,杭州市,310027
  2. 2 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,浙江省,杭州市,310014
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.251576
  CLC：
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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LIN Xinhao, HE Zhen, MA Junchao, et al. Synchronous-like Mechanism Analysis and Inertia Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms Integrated HVDC System[J]. 2026, 46(16): 6006-6017.
DOI：

LIN Xinhao, HE Zhen, MA Junchao, et al. Synchronous-like Mechanism Analysis and Inertia Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms Integrated HVDC System[J]. 2026, 46(16): 6006-6017. DOI： 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.251576.

摘要

柔性直流输电已成为远海风电消纳的重要技术手段。为保障沿海受端电网的频率稳定，对海上风电柔性直流外送系统(以下简称海风柔直系统)的等效惯量评估至关重要。然而，在电网频率扰动下，海上风机与柔性直流外送系统的暂态支撑功率存在复杂耦合，跨端口传递机制不明，海风柔直系统的等效惯量评估面临挑战。为此，该文通过类比同步机的惯量响应与一次调频支撑物理过程，揭示海风柔直系统调频支撑过程的类同步特征及暂态支撑功率的增量耦合机制；在此基础上，基于内电势等效视角构建海风柔直系统的类同步暂态模型，准确评估海上风电、柔性直流输电系统的分惯量及海风柔直系统的总惯量；此外，基于量化评估结果，厘清系统等效惯量的影响因素和影响规律，并提出基于粒子群算法的调频参数优化整定方法，实现系统惯量支撑潜能的充分挖掘。最后，通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证海风柔直系统惯量评估方法的有效性。

Abstract

The voltage source converter-high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) has become critical for integrating large-scale offshore wind power. To ensure frequency stability in coastal receiving end power grid

the equivalent inertia assessment of offshore wind farms integrated HVDC system (OWF-HVDC) is crucial. However

under grid frequency disturbances

the transient support power of OWFs and VSC-HVDC is complexly coupled

and the inter-port transfer mechanism remains unclear

posing challenges to inertia assessment. This paper reveals the synchronous-like characteristics of the frequency regulation support process and the incremental coupling mechanism of transient support power by analogizing the inertial response and primary frequency regulation of synchronous machines. Based on this

a synchronous-like model of OWF-HVDC is established from the perspective of internal voltage equivalence

enabling accurate assessment of partitioned and total inertia. Additionally

based on the assessment results

the influencing factors and patterns of system equivalent inertia are clarified

and a frequency regulation parameters optimization method using particle swarm optimization is proposed

fully exploring the system's inertia support potential. Finally

the proposed method is validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations.

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