Under high-intensity peak shaving and frequency regulation

the hydropower station's output frequently fluctuates significantly

facing challenges such as water level fluctuations

unfavorable operating conditions for units

and frequent gate adjustments

greatly complicating the real-time optimization and scheduling of cascade power stations. This paper establishes a multi-unit coordinated precise control method for cascade hydropower plants involving "unit-gate" systems

considering the need for stable water levels

reduced gate adjustments

optimized operational conditions

and minimized water consumption. Models for gate optimization

precise water level control

and real-time load distribution are developed

exploring the coupling and nesting mechanisms across multiple models and scales. This approach is applied to the cascade hydropower stations situated in the middle reaches of the Dadu River. The results indicate a 44.22% reduction in the frequency of gate usage in cascade power plants. The number of units start-stop and vibration zone crossings has decreased by 54.29% and 55.87%

respectively. Furthermore

the water level fluctuations in three daily regulation plants has decreased by 47.86%

67.82%

and 75.76%

respectively. The water consumption rates have decreased by 0.03

0.03

and 0.01 m³/(kW·h)

respectively. Under high- intensity peak shaving and frequency regulation conditions

this method significantly enhances both the operational stability and power generation efficiency of the stations

thereby ensuring the safe operation of the new power system and the associated cascade hydropower stations.