Online Detection of Non-roundness Fault of Rotor in Hydro-generator

WU Yucai; LIU Yanze; BAI Yuhui; FAN Xuanjie; YE Chao; ZHOU Tianhua; YANG Guangyong

doi:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242436

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Online Detection of Non-roundness Fault of Rotor in Hydro-generator

更新时间：2026-10-12

- Online Detection of Non-roundness Fault of Rotor in Hydro-generator
- Vol. 46, Issue 4, Pages: 1616-1625(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 河北省绿色高效电工新材料与设备重点实验室(华北电力大学),河北省,保定市,071003
  2. 国网冀北电力有限公司张家口供电公司,河北省,张家口市,075000
  3. 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司检修分公司,云南省,昆明市,650051
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242436
  CLC：
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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WU Yucai, LIU Yanze, BAI Yuhui, et al. Online Detection of Non-roundness Fault of Rotor in Hydro-generator[J]. 2026, 46(4): 1616-1625.
DOI：

WU Yucai, LIU Yanze, BAI Yuhui, et al. Online Detection of Non-roundness Fault of Rotor in Hydro-generator[J]. 2026, 46(4): 1616-1625. DOI： 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242436.

摘要

转子不圆度是大型水轮发电机常见的机械故障，可诱发机组剧烈振动和转子扫膛，对机组运行安全影响较大。首先，该文利用气隙磁导法分析了水轮发电机在各种不圆度故障形态下气隙磁通密度的特点，指出在此类故障情况下，发电机主磁通中分数次谐波增强；然后，根据水轮发电机结构特点，明确了定子铁心泄漏磁通与主磁通之间的物理联系和故障特征的相似性，提出通过布置在定子铁心定位筋上的测量线圈捕捉泄漏磁通，并将其分数次谐波作为此类故障的判据，进一步引入了量化故障程度的特征谐波占比法；最后，针对所提出的测量线圈检测转子不圆度故障的方法进行了有限元仿真与模拟实验验证。该新型在线检测方法无需在发电机内部安装传感器，可实时判断水轮发电机的转子不圆度故障，对机组运行安全无威胁。

Abstract

Rotor magnetic pole non-roundness (RMPNR) is a prevalent mechanical failure encountered in large hydro-generators

potentially leading to severe unit vibrations and rotor sweeping

which can significantly impact the safe operation of the unit. An analysis of the air-gap flux density characteristics under various RMPNR conditions in hydro-generators is conducted through the air-gap permeance method in this paper. The fractional harmonic enhancement within the main flux of the hydro-generator is identified. Subsequently

a physical relationship and similarity of fault characteristics are revealed between the leakage flux of the stator core and the main flux

in accordance with the structural characteristics of hydro-generators. A measuring coil is arranged on the stator core positioning rib for capturing the leakage flux

with its fractional harmonics being utilized as the criterion for diagnosing such faults. Furthermore

a method for quantifying the fault severity based on the characteristic harmonic proportion is introduced. Finally

finite element simulations and experimental simulations are performed to validate the proposed method for measuring coils to detect RMPNR. The novel on-line detection method

which eliminates the need for installing sensors inside the generator

enables real-time assessment of RMPNR in hydro-generators and thus mitigates risk to the unit safe operation.

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