A Compact Modular Multilevel Converter Based Battery Energy Storage System and Its Low-frequency Power Elimination Strategy

HUANG Yanhui; LIU Fei; DIAO Xiaoguang; ZHU Hongxi; FANG Xinmeng

doi:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242201

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A Compact Modular Multilevel Converter Based Battery Energy Storage System and Its Low-frequency Power Elimination Strategy

更新时间：2026-07-27

- A Compact Modular Multilevel Converter Based Battery Energy Storage System and Its Low-frequency Power Elimination Strategy
- Issue 23, Pages: 9405-9415(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 武汉大学电气与自动化学院,湖北省,武汉市,430072
  2. 综合能源电力装备及系统安全湖北省重点实验室(武汉大学),湖北省,武汉市,430072
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242201
  CLC：
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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HUANG Yanhui, LIU Fei, DIAO Xiaoguang, et al. A Compact Modular Multilevel Converter Based Battery Energy Storage System and Its Low-frequency Power Elimination Strategy[J]. 2025, (23): 9405-9415.
DOI：

HUANG Yanhui, LIU Fei, DIAO Xiaoguang, et al. A Compact Modular Multilevel Converter Based Battery Energy Storage System and Its Low-frequency Power Elimination Strategy[J]. 2025, (23): 9405-9415. DOI： 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242201.

摘要

电池储能系统(battery energy storage system，BESS)可以抑制可再生能源的功率波动，而模块化多电平变换器(modular multilevel converter，MMC)有助于电池的大规模集成。然而，MMC的子模块(submodule，SM)电容必须抑制基频和二倍频的功率波动，大电容必不可少。文中计算出MMC-BESS所需的电容为传统MMC的1.7倍，而传统MMC中SM电容的体积和重量在系统中占比达50%以上，这使得MMC-BESS系统中电容过大的问题更加突出。为了显著降低电容值，提出一种紧凑式MMC-BESS及其低频功率消除(low-frequency power elimination，LFPE)策略；通过将低频功率传输到公共母线以将其抵消，MMC的SM电容可以在不增加公共母线电容的情况下减少99%；通过实验验证所提出的系统和LFPE控制在显著减小电容方面的有效性和可行性。

Abstract

Battery energy storage system (BESS) can dampen power fluctuations from renewable energy sources

while the modular multilevel converter (MMC) facilitates the large-scale integration of batteries. However

MMC submodule (SM) capacitors must suppress power fluctuations at the fundamental and doubled frequencies

which necessitates a large capacitance. In this paper

it is calculated that the capacitance required for MMC-based BESS can be up to 1.7 times greater than that of traditional MMC. Additionally

the volume and weight of SM capacitors in traditional MMC systems account for over 50% of the total system

highlighting the challenge of excessive capacitance in MMC-based BESS. In order to significantly reduce the capacitance value in MMC-based BESS

this paper proposes a compact MMC-based BESS and the corresponding low-frequency power elimination (LFPE) strategy based on a bi-directional three-port converter. By transferring low-frequency power to the common bus and thereby canceling it out

the MMC SM capacitance can be reduced by 99% without increasing the bus capacitance. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed system and LFPE control in significantly reducing capacitance values is verified through experiments.

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