In order to ensure the continuous and stable operation of stacked multi-cell converter (SMC)

it is important to maintain a balanced voltage of flying capacitors. Traditionally

it has relied on complex active control strategies accompanied by the use of a large number of voltage sensors

which not only increases the economic burden of the system

but also may weaken system's overall robustness and reliability. Given these challenges

it is important to explore alternatives to reduce hardware dependencies and improve performance. Therefore

the sliding mode observer based on the switching linear model is used as an effective alternative to the traditional voltage monitoring methods. This observer can achieve accurate estimation of the flying capacitor voltage without relying on the actual voltage sensor or complex sampling circuit. Compared with the traditional sliding mode observer

the proposed method achieves significant improvements in two aspects: first

through algorithm optimization

it effectively suppresses the commonly observed oscillation phenomenon

thereby improving the smoothness and stability of the system; Second

the convergence speed is accelerated

and the accuracy of voltage estimation is improved

which provides more reliable data support for the precise control of the SMC system. In order to verify the practicability of this innovative method

simulation analysis and experimental verification are carried out. The results show that the proposed method is not only feasible in theory

but also shows obvious superiority and reliability in practice

which provides a new perspective and practical solution for dealing with the balanced control problem of flying capacitor voltage