Ammonia-fueled solid oxide fuel cells (NH3-SOFCs) can directly employ ammonia as the fuel and convert its chemical energy into power with the advantages of being green

clean

and environmentally friendly

which are widely used in the fields of distributed power stations

combined heating and power systems

and energy storage. Recently

significant progress has been achieved in studies on NH3-SOFCs. Nevertheless

the key scientific issues are still remaining challenging due to the complexity of the anode/cathode reactions

the diversity of structures

and the options of catalytic materials. This paper reviews the current research progress of proton-conducting and oxygen ion-conducting NH3-SOFCs from the aspects of the cell structure

working principles

catalytic reaction mechanisms of anode and cathode

anode/cathode/ electrolyte materials

and cells/stack

etc.

and introduces and analyzes the progress of fuel cells/stacks with different composition and structure. Suggestions and prospects for fuel cell power generation systems and other fields are presented.