Optimization and Application of a Pretreatment Method for Determining Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Serum

Zhu Yujiao; He Chang; Tang Yao; Li Guiying; An Taicheng

doi:10.12052/gdutxb.250084

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Optimization and Application of a Pretreatment Method for Determining Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Serum

更新时间：2026-05-27

- Optimization and Application of a Pretreatment Method for Determining Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Serum
- Vol. 42, Issue 5, Pages: 9-20(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 广东工业大学环境健康与污染控制研究院,广东,广州,510006
  2. 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广东,广州,510006
  3. 粤港澳污染物暴露与健康联合实验室,广东,广州,510006
  4. 广东省环境催化与健康风险控制重点实验室,广东,广州,510006
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12052/gdutxb.250084
  CLC： O657.63;O658
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
朱玉姣, 何畅, 唐瑶, 等. 血清中多环芳烃及其衍生物前处理方法优化及应用[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2025, 42(5): 9–20.

Zhu Yujiao, He Chang, Tang Yao, et al. Optimization and Application of a Pretreatment Method for Determining Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Serum[J]. 2025, 42(5): 9-20.
朱玉姣, 何畅, 唐瑶, 等. 血清中多环芳烃及其衍生物前处理方法优化及应用[J]. 广东工业大学学报, 2025, 42(5): 9–20. DOI： 10.12052/gdutxb.250084

Zhu Yujiao, He Chang, Tang Yao, et al. Optimization and Application of a Pretreatment Method for Determining Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Serum[J]. 2025, 42(5): 9-20. DOI： 10.12052/gdutxb.250084.

摘要

目前，已经有充分证据证明母体多环芳烃(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons，PAHs)具有致癌性，而且关于其甲基化(Methyl PAHs，MPAHs)、杂环(Heterocyclic PAHs，HPAHs)、卤代(Halogenated PAHs，XPAHs)和含氧(Oxygenated PAHs，OPAHs)等衍生物的研究表明，PAHs衍生物的毒性可能比其母体化合物更强。但相关研究多聚焦于环境介质中PAHs及其衍生物的分布特征，少有研究对人体样本尤其是血清中这类污染物质量浓度进行测定。且目前由于缺乏有效的分析方法，有关提取血清中这类污染物的前处理方法大多只关注一类或两类PAHs衍生物。为此，本文以共计68种PAHs及其衍生物(包括PAHs、MPAHs、HPAHs、XPAHs和OPAHs等5种类型的物质) 为研究对象，通过对比不同的液液萃取的提取液、固相萃取柱净化和洗脱液体积对研究目标的回收率，对前处理方法进行优化。结果表明：用3 mL乙腈 + 1 mL乙酸乙酯、二氯甲烷、正己烷混合溶液(20% : 40% : 40%，体积分数)进行提取，用弗罗里硅土固相萃取柱和10 mL二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯1 : 1混合溶液进行洗脱净化，为最优的前处理方案。进一步结合GC-MS/MS分析，建立了具有高灵敏度、高准确性的血清中68种PAHs及其衍生物的分析方法。该方法的检出限为0.007~1.3 ng/mL，方法回收率为60%~140%，准确度为50%~150%。进一步将该方法应用于石化行业工人血清中PAHs及其衍生物的分析，共测得29种目标物，包括11种PAHs，7种MPAHs，5种HPAHs，3种XPAHs和3种OPAHs。在测得的物质中质量浓度最高的化合物为2-甲基萘(50 ng/mL)，其次是5-溴蒽(36 ng/mL)。该方法适用于人血清中PAHs及其衍生物的检测，可应用于PAHs及其衍生物对人群健康影响的研究。

Abstract

Currently

there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity of parent Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

and their methylated (Methyl PAHs

MPAHs)

heterocyclic (Heterocyclic PAHs

HPAHs)

halogenated (Halogenated PAHs

XPAHs) and oxygenated (Oxygenated PAHs

OPAHs) derivatives are also proved to be more toxic than their parent compounds. However

most of the studies focus on the distribution characteristics of them in various environmental media

and few studies have measured their levels in human body fluids

especially in serum. Most of the pretreatment methods for extracting PAHs and their derivatives from serum focus only on one or two types of PAH derivatives. To fill this gap

this study optimized the pretreatment methods by comparing the recoveries of different liquid-liquid extraction of extracts

solid-phase extraction columns and eluent volumes to detect the total of 68 PAHs and their derivatives (five types of substances including PAHs

MPAHs

HPAHs

XPAHs

and OPAHs). Results showed that the extract was carried out with 3 mL of acetonitrile + 1 mL of ethyl acetate : dichloromethane : n-hexane (20% : 40% : 40%

volume fraction)

and cleaned up by elution with a Florisil solid-phase extraction column and 10 mL of a 1 : 1 mixture of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate was combined with GC-MS/MS analysis to establish an analytical method for 68 PAHs and their derivatives in serum with high sensitivity and accuracy. The developed method exhibited a limit of detection ranging from 0.007 to 1.3 ng/mL. The method recovery was between 60% and 140%

with accuracy ranging from 50% to 150%. This method was successfully applied to determine 29 PAHs and their derivatives in the serum of workers in a petrochemical industry. Ultimately

11 PAHs

7 MPAHs

5 HPAHs

3 XPAHs

and 3 OPAHs were quantified. Among the measured compounds

concentration of 2-methylnaphthalene was the highest (50 ng/mL)

followed by 5-bromoanthracene (36 ng/mL). The method is well-suited for analyzing PAHs and their derivatives in human serum and can be effectively utilized to investigate the health impacts of them on humans.

关键词

Keywords

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