Electricity capacity market mechanisms in foreign countries and their implications for China

PANG Yuexia; ZHANG Shuyue; ZHOU Yaze; DAI Wenyi; LI Jialin; MA Yuan; LYU Yuan

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509021

English Version Journal Login

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Electricity capacity market mechanisms in foreign countries and their implications for China

更新时间：2026-04-30

- Electricity capacity market mechanisms in foreign countries and their implications for China
- Vol. 59, Issue 4, Pages: 150-164(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京工业大学经济与管理学院,北京,100124
  2. 华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京,102206
  3. 国网能源研究院有限公司,北京,102209
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509021
  CLC：
- Online First：20 April 2026，
  
  Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
庞越侠, 张姝月, 周亚泽, 戴文怡, 李佳霖, 马原, 吕媛. 国外电力容量市场机制及对中国的启示[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(4): 150-164.

PANG Yuexia, ZHANG Shuyue, ZHOU Yaze, et al. Electricity capacity market mechanisms in foreign countries and their implications for China[J]. 2026, 59(4): 150-164.
庞越侠, 张姝月, 周亚泽, 戴文怡, 李佳霖, 马原, 吕媛. 国外电力容量市场机制及对中国的启示[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(4): 150-164. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509021.

PANG Yuexia, ZHANG Shuyue, ZHOU Yaze, et al. Electricity capacity market mechanisms in foreign countries and their implications for China[J]. 2026, 59(4): 150-164. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509021.

摘要

随着可再生能源并网比例增加，传统化石能源机组利用小时数降低，固定成本回收机制不完善使其向调节或备用机组转型的渠道受阻，存量火电更倾向于退出市场，会进一步加剧电力系统峰荷时期容量缺口。首先，以爱尔兰、英国与美国PJM 3个典型容量市场为研究对象，系统梳理其容量市场运行和容量成本分摊机制，重点分析不同市场的实际运行成效与面临的问题。然后，从制度目标、市场结构及调节资源配置逻辑等角度，提炼三国容量市场的共性规律与差异化路径，并总结其在高比例可再生能源条件下的适应性表现。最后，结合中国电力市场的实际情况，从市场设计、成本分摊与市场衔接等方面提出国外容量市场实践对中国相关发展的启示与建议，为推动中国能源转型提供参考。

Abstract

With the increasing share of renewable energy integration into the grid

the utilization hours of traditional fossil fuel power units have declined. The inadequate fixed cost recovery mechanism has hindered their transformation into regulating or backup units

leading existing thermal power units to be more inclined to exit the market and further exacerbating capacity shortages in the power system during peak load periods. Against this backdrop

this paper selects three representative capacity markets—Ireland

Great Britain

and the PJM Interconnection in the United States—as case studies. It systematically examines the operation of their capacity markets and the mechanisms for allocating capacity costs

with a focus on analyzing the practical outcomes and challenges faced by each market. Furthermore

from the perspectives of institutional objectives

market structure

and the logic of balancing resource allocation

this study extracts common patterns and differentiated approaches across the three capacity markets

summarizing their adaptability under high renewable energy penetration. Finally

in light of the actual conditions of China's electricity market

this paper puts forward implications and recommendations from foreign capacity market practices for the relevant development of China in terms of market design

cost allocation

and market coordination

so as to provide a reference for advancing China's energy transition.

关键词

Keywords

references

1刘硕, 于松泰, 孙田, 等. 面向高比例可再生能源电力系统的容量补偿机制研究[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46 (5): 1780- 1789.

LIU Shuo, YU Songtai, SUN Tian, et al. Research on capacity compensation mechanisms for power systems with high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46 (5): 1780- 1789.

2王蓓蓓, 胡维涵, 牟玉亭, 等. 储能对高比例新能源电力系统的容量价值贡献及机制思考[J]. 电网技术, 2024, 48 (6): 2520- 2531.

WANG Beibei, HU Weihan, MOU Yuting, et al. Contribution of energy storage to capacity value and mechanism analysis in power systems with high proportion of new energy[J]. Power System Technology, 2024, 48 (6): 2520- 2531.

3黄海涛, 许佳丹, 郭志刚, 等. 发电容量充裕性保障机制国际实践与启示[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (1): 68- 76.

HUANG Haitao, XU Jiadan, GUO Zhigang, et al. International practices and insights on power generation capacity adequacy assurance mechanisms[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (1): 68- 76.

4张涛, 胡娱欧, 张晶, 等. 适应高比例新能源发展的电力市场容量保障机制分析[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42 (3): 117- 125.

ZHANG Tao, HU Yuou, ZHANG Jing, et al. Analysis of capacity assurance mechanisms in power markets adapted to high-proportion renewable energy development[J]. Power Construction, 2021, 42 (3): 117- 125.

5白云霄, 许遵楠, 季天瑶, 等. 北欧电力衍生品市场对中国电力中长期市场建设的启示[J]. 南方电网技术, 2025, 19 (8): 72- 82.

BAI Yunxiao, XU Zunnan, JI Tianyao, et al. Inspiration of the Nordic electricity derivatives market for the construction of China′s medium and long-term electricity market[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2025, 19 (8): 72- 82.

6杨韵, 江昕玥, 段秦尉, 等. 新型电力系统下的天然气市场与电力市场协调机制探讨[J]. 南方电网技术, 2024, 18 (2): 57- 66.

YANG Yun, JIANG Xinyue, DUAN Qinwei, et al. Discussion on coordination mechanism of natural gas market and power market under new power system[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2024, 18 (2): 57- 66.

7GALETOVIC A, MUÑOZ C, WOLAK F. Capacity payments in a cost-based wholesale electricity market: the case of Chile[J]. The Electricity Journal, 2015, 28 (10): 80- 96.

8刘泽锋. 容量电价补偿机制的经济学分析[J]. 能源, 2024, (3): 39- 41.

9杨娟. 建立煤电容量电价机制推动能源绿色低碳转型[J]. 价格理论与实践, 2023, (11): 28- 30.

YANG Juan. Establishing the coal power capacity pricing mechanism to promote green and low-carbon energy transition[J]. Price: Theory & Practice, 2023, (11): 28- 30.

10吴梓凤, 过超, 张浩楠. 促进煤电转型及保供的容量价格机制探讨[J]. 煤炭经济研究, 2023, 43 (6): 43- 51.

WU Zifeng, GUO Chao, ZHANG Haonan. Study on capacity price mechanism promoting coal power transition and supply preservation[J]. Coal Economic Research, 2023, 43 (6): 43- 51.

11BHAGWAT P C, DE VRIES L J. The effect of German strategic reserves on the central European electricity market[C]//IEEE 2013 10th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). Stockholm, Sweden, 2013: 1–7.

12BHAGWAT P C, RICHSTEIN J C, CHAPPIN E J, et al. The effectiveness of a strategic reserve in the presence of a high portfolio share of renewable energy sources[J]. Utilities Policy, 2016, 39, 13- 28.

13王鹏, 杜瑜铃, 王雁凌, 等. 欧洲战略备用机制对我国发电容量充裕性问题的启示[J]. 电力建设, 2022, 43 (10): 16- 25.

WANG Peng, DU Yuling, WANG Yanling, et al. Enlightenment of European strategic reserve mechanism on the adequacy of power generation capacity in China[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2022, 43 (10): 16- 25.

14于松泰, 刘硕, 李国栋, 等. 适应我国电力市场发展的容量充裕性机制研究[J]. 价格理论与实践, 2023, (9): 130- 136.

YU Songtai, LIU Shuo, LI Guodong, et al. Study on capacity sufficiency mechanism based on China's power market environment[J]. Price: Theory & Practice, 2023, (9): 130- 136.

15PETITET M, FINON D, JANSSEN T. Capacity adequacy in power markets facing energy transition: A comparison of scarcity pricing and capacity mechanism[J]. Energy Policy, 2017, 103, 30- 46.

16MEHRTASH M, HOBBS B F, ELA E. Reserve and energy scarcity pricing in United States power markets: a comparative review of principles and practices[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2023, 183, 113465.

17PAPAVASILIOU A. Scarcity pricing and the missing European market for real-time reserve capacity[J]. The Electricity Journal, 2020, 33 (10): 106863.

18陈政, 张翔, 马子明, 等. 引导电力供需长期有效均衡的容量市场设计[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53 (8): 164- 172.

CHEN Zheng, ZHANG Xiang, MA Ziming, et al. Capacity market design for guiding long-term effective equilibrium of electricity supply and demand[J]. Electric Power, 2020, 53 (8): 164- 172.

19刘泽扬, 荆朝霞, 孙启星, 等. 基于系统动力学的发电容量充裕度机制分析[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46 (14): 109- 118.

LIU Zeyang, JING Zhaoxia, SUN Qixing, et al. Analysis of generation capacity reserve mechanisms based on system dynamics[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46 (14): 109- 118.

20HÖSCHLE H, DE Jonghe C, LE Cadre H, et al. Electricity markets for energy, flexibility and availability—impact of capacity mechanisms on the remuneration of generation technologies[J]. Energy Economics, 2017, 66, 372- 383.

21武昭原, 周明, 王剑晓, 等. 双碳目标下提升电力系统灵活性的市场机制综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42 (21): 7746- 7764.

WU Zhaoyuan, ZHOU Ming, WANG Jianxiao, et al. Review of market mechanisms for enhancing power system flexibility under dual carbon goals[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering, 2022, 42 (21): 7746- 7764.

22孙启星, 尤培培, 李成仁, 等. 适应中国现行电力市场环境下的容量市场机制设计[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55 (8): 196- 201.

SUN Qixing, YOU Peipei, LI Chengren, et al. Design of capacity market mechanisms adapted to China's current electricity market environment[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55 (8): 196- 201.

23王一, 朱涛, 张玉欣, 等. 适应中国电力现货市场发展的容量补偿机制初探[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45 (6): 52- 61.

WANG Yi, ZHU Tao, ZHANG Yuxin, et al. Preliminary exploration of capacity compensation mechanisms adapted to China's electricity spot market development[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45 (6): 52- 61.

24代江, 朱思霖, 田年杰, 等. 基于储能灵活能量状态的现货电能量-辅助服务市场联合出清机制[J]. 南方电网技术, 2024, 18 (1): 58- 68.

DAI Jiang, ZHU Siling, TIAN Nianjie, et al. Joint clearing mechanism of spot power energy-auxiliary service market considering flexible state of energy in energy storage[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2024, 18 (1): 58- 68.

27王子强, 李豹, 杜哲宇, 等. PJM电力市场风险管控措施及对南方区域的建议[J]. 南方电网技术, 2024, 18 (1): 28- 37, 68.

WANG Ziqiang , LI Bao , DU Zheyu, et al. Risk management and control measures in PJM power market and suggestions for southern region[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2024, 18 (1): 28- 37, 68.

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

No data

Related Author

No data

Related Institution

No data

AI问答

⁰