Fault current calculation method for multi-terminal DC distribution networks considering multiple distributed generation

贾东梨; 任昭颖; 刘科研; 叶学顺; 李跃涛; 徐利梅

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508038

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Fault current calculation method for multi-terminal DC distribution networks considering multiple distributed generation

更新时间：2026-02-03

- Fault current calculation method for multi-terminal DC distribution networks considering multiple distributed generation
- Vol. 59, Issue 1, Pages: 84-96(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京,100192
  2. 西南民族大学电气工程学院,四川,成都,610225
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508038
  CLC：
- Published Online：13 January 2026，
  
  Published：13 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
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贾东梨, 任昭颖, 刘科研, 叶学顺, 李跃涛, 徐利梅. 计及多种分布式能源的多端直流配电网故障电流计算方法[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(1): 84-96.

贾东梨, 任昭颖, 刘科研, et al. Fault current calculation method for multi-terminal DC distribution networks considering multiple distributed generation[J]. 2026, 59(1): 84-96.
贾东梨, 任昭颖, 刘科研, 叶学顺, 李跃涛, 徐利梅. 计及多种分布式能源的多端直流配电网故障电流计算方法[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(1): 84-96. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508038.

贾东梨, 任昭颖, 刘科研, et al. Fault current calculation method for multi-terminal DC distribution networks considering multiple distributed generation[J]. 2026, 59(1): 84-96. DOI： 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508038.

摘要

直流配电网短路故障电流将在极短时间内上升至正常运行电流的数倍，对系统保护与安全运行构成严峻挑战。直流配电网中含有多种分布式能源，其并网变流器多样、耦合关系复杂，导致故障特性分析与故障电流计算困难，不利于保护策略设计。为此，提出含多种分布式能源的直流配电网故障电流计算模型。首先，建立电压源型变流器（voltage source converter，VSC）的故障等效回路，并分析分布式光伏Boost变换器、分布式风电机侧变流器（modular multilevel converter，MSC）、储能双有源桥变流器（dual active bridge，DAB）与VSC耦合运行下故障响应特性，建立多场景故障等效回路。其次，从故障电流多阶段暂态响应过程出发，建立故障前初始稳态阶段、直流母线放电阶段、二极管续流阶段与故障后稳态阶段的故障电流计算模型。然后，基于所建多阶段故障电流计算模型，分析影响故障峰值电流的关键因素。最后，以含多分布式能源的多端直流配电网为例，将理论计算结果与Matlab/Simulink仿真结果对比，验证所提模型的准确性。

Abstract

In DC distribution networks

short-circuit faults can cause the current to rise to several times the normal operating level in an extremely short period

posing severe challenges to system protection and safe operation. The presence of multiple distributed generators (DGs) in DC distribution networks and the diversity of their grid-connected converters as well as the complex coupling relationships make it difficult to analyze fault characteristics and accurately calculate fault currents

which is unfavorable to the design of protection strategies. To address this issue

this paper proposes a fault current calculation model for DC distribution networks with multiple DGs. First

a fault equivalent circuit of the voltage source converter (VSC) is established

and the fault response characteristics of PV Boost converters

distributed wind power machine-side converters (MSC)

energy storage dual active bridge (DAB) converters and VSCs are analyzed to construct multi-scenario fault equivalent circuits. Second

proceeding from the multi-stage transient response process of fault current

a fault current calculation model is built

covering the initial steady-state stage before fault

DC bus discharge stage

diode freewheeling stage and steady-state stage after fault. Then

based on the established multi-stage fault current calculation model

the key factors affecting the peak fault current are analyzed. Finally

taking a multi-terminal DC distribution network with multiple DGs as an example

the theoretical calculation results are compared with the Matlab/Simulink simulation results to verify the accuracy of the proposed model.

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references

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