This comprehensive review examines hydrogen’s potential as a pivotal clean energy carrier

focusing on its role in replacing fossil fuels across various industries. This study also examines recent advancements in hydrogen production technologies

including electrolysis

steam methane reforming

and biomass gasification

emphasizing their economic and environmental impacts. Special attention is given to hydrogen produced from renewable sources like solar and wind energy

emphasizing its benefits in reducing carbon emissions and contributing to a sustainable energy future. The review discusses technological challenges

cost factors

and the necessary infrastructure for hydrogen production and storage

particularly in relation to achieving global energy transition goals. Furthermore

the study stresses the importance of government policies and international collaboration to drive the adoption of hydrogen technologies. The study concludes by outlining the transformative potential of hydrogen in decarbonizing key sectors such as transportation and heavy industry. It demonstrates the significant contribution of hydrogen to a low-carbon global energy system and provides valuable insights into its role in improving grid stability

energy security

and supporting sustainable industrial practices.