By utilizing the thermal plume effect of heat sources

high temperature building spaces can be effectively cooled to improve the internal thermal environment. This paper explores the flow characteristics of thermal plumes above heat sources with varying inclined angles. Visualization experiments were conducted to observe the flow trajectories of thermal plumes. Laboratory testing and large eddy simulations were utilized to analyze the distributions of velocity and temperature of the thermal plumes. The Rayleigh number is in a range of 108–1010. The results show that as the angle increases from 15° to 75°

the plume axis shifts at Z/D = 6 ∼ 7 (15 ∼ 30°) and Z/D = 8 ∼ 9 (60 ∼ 75°). Additionally

a calculation formula for the flow rate of plumes above inclined area heat sources was obtained. The research findings offer insights into the design of natural ventilation systems in buildings with inclined area heat sources

thereby facilitating the creation of an optimal indoor environment.