On the foundation of non-seismic active earth pressure theory
the seismic active earth pressure formulas
in the conditions of filling surface incline
wall back incline
filling soil having the characteristic of c and ?
having the c and ? action between the wall back and filling soil
the filling soil having horizontal and vertical acceleration
were obtained with differential layer method
these formulas included their distribution and total force. At the present time
the every active earth pressure formula in earthquake and non-earthquake condition is the special example of this paper’s construction. The total earth pressure calculated with differential layer method is consistent with other method such as Coulomb’s earth wedge equilibrium method; but its acting position is raised up; therefore
the design of retaining wall oughted to pay enough attention to this aspect.