The application of optical fiber sensing technology to rock deformation test is studied. The axial and radial strains are tested by sticking fiber Bragg gratings and electric strain gauges on rock surface in the uniaxial compression experiment; and test results are compared. The method of cyclic loading is applied; and the rock damaged at the last time. The small deformation only before damage is tested. By three times of loading
the results show that the testing curves of fiber Bragg gratings accord with electric strain gauges’ ones. It is shown that the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology can be used in deformation test of rock. It has certain meanings to increase the level of rock deformation monitoring.