The shear strength and unit weight have much relations with the stability of sandy soil surrounding rock of tunnel. From the factors influencing the stability of sandy soil surrounding rock and classification of surrounding rock
the feasibility that using sandy soil surrounding rock basic quality index (SBQ) as a synthetic factors to evaluate the stability of sandy soil surrounding rock of tunnel is explored. It is found that the SBQ can be a representative value of other physico-mechanical indexes. The quantitative expressions of other physico-mechanical indexes and the SBQ are presented.