mechanics of internal parameters (plastic volumetric strain and plastic deviator strain) depending on stress path is explained. General equation expressing hardening parameter independent of stress path is proposed. The plastic work and the unified hardening parameters for clay and sand proposed by authors are all special examples as general equation. The combination of the unified hardening parameters and Cam-clay model
and the comparison with the test results
show that this parameter can be used to constitutive model simply and effectively.