
1.广州珠科院工程勘察设计有限公司,广东 广州 510610
2.华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东 广州 510641
Received:24 March 2026,
Revised:2026-04-25,
Accepted:28 April 2026,
Online First:15 May 2026,
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张鹏,冯远俊,王兆礼等.城市化背景下广东省综合单位线法的适应性改进[J].人民珠江.
ZHANG Peng,FENG Yuanjun,WANG Zhaoli,et al.Adaptive Improvement of the Guangdong Comprehensive Unit Hydrograph Method in the Context of Urbanization[J].PEARL RIVER.
随着城市化进程加快,广东省综合单位线法在复杂城市环境下面临适用性挑战,而高精度建模方法又存在过程繁琐、数据要求高等困难。为此,需对广东省综合单位线法进行适应性改进,以提升其在城市化流域暴雨洪水模拟中的精度与实用性。以广州市猎德涌流域为例,构建MIKE FLOOD耦合模型作为基准,系统评估广东省综合单位线法的模拟偏差。在此基础上,提出一种融合排水约束与时滞修正机制的改进方法,通过对单位线进行时空重构,结合排水口蓄排能力与传播时间矩阵进行响应修正,并在流域出口进行延迟叠加,得到修正后的总流量过程线。结果显示:改进后的方法在中高强度降雨下表现优异,洪峰流量相对误差均低于15%,峰现时间偏差不超过10 min,纳什效率系数(NSE)为0.9左右;在低重现期情景下,洪峰流量误差达34.5%,但通过对水深参数进行调整可控制误差在3%左右;所提方法结构简洁、计算高效,能有效改善广东省综合单位线法在城市流域的模拟性能,可为高度城市化地区的防洪排涝设计与雨洪管理提供可靠且实用的技术路径。
With the acceleration of urbanization
the Guangdong Comprehensive Unit Hydrograph Method (GDUH)—a standard approach for design flood estimation in ungauged basins—faces growing applicability challenges in complex urban environments. In the Liede Stream Basin of Guangzhou
for instance
the impervious surface ratio surged from 26% in 1985 to 86% in 2023
drastically altering rainfall‑runoff processes. At the same time
high‑precision physically‑based models such as the MIKE series remain data‑intensive and often impractical for routine engineering. An adaptive improvement of GDUH is therefore urgently needed to enhance its accuracy and practicality for storm flood simulation in urbanized catchments without resorting to full-scale modeling. Taking the Liede Stream Basin as a case study
a MIKE FLOOD coupled model integrating MIKE URBAN
MIKE 11 and MIKE 21 was first established and rigorously calibrated using observed water levels and inundation data from two historical rainfall events. This model served as a benchmark to systematically evaluate the simulation deviations of the traditional GDUH under design rainfall scenarios with return periods ranging from 5 to 200 years. The evaluation revealed that the traditional method consistently overestimates peak discharges and delays peak timing by 60–80 minutes
indicating significant inadequacy for highly urbanized watersheds. To address these deviations
an improved approach coupling drainage constraints with a time‑delay correction mechanism was proposed. The method comprises three steps:① temporal‑spatial reconstruction—assuming instantaneous rainfall‑runoff response
the original GDUH hydrograph is concentrated at the time of rainfall and then proportionally distributed to 54 drainage outlets and the main river; ② storage‑drainage correction—an adjustment factor α (calibrated as 0.4 for the Liede Basin) limits the maximum conveyance capacity of each outlet
temporarily storing excess inflow and gradually releasing it when capacity becomes available
thereby mimicking urban ponding and delayed drainage; ③ time‑delay superposition—a propagation time matrix is constructed using Manning's equation for both pipeline and river segments
all sub-runoff processes are delayed correspondingly and superimposed at the basin outlet to form the revised total flood hydrograph. Results show that the improved method performs excellently under moderate‑ to high‑intensity rainfall (return periods ≥ 20 years)
with relative peak flow errors below 15%
peak time deviations within 10 minutes
and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients around 0.9. Under low return periods (5‑ and 10‑year)
the standard correction yields peak errors of 34.5% and 19.0%
but these errors can be reduced to approximately 3% by dynamically calibrating the channel water depth parameter
which governs flow velocity and propagation time. Comparative experimentswithout resorting to full-scale modeling confirmed that the instantaneous reconstruction step is essential: without it
peak time delays of 90–100 minutes persist and NSE values drop markedly. The proposed method is structurally simple
computationally efficient and imposes low data requirements. It effectively improves GDUH's simulation performance in urban catchments and provides a reliable
practical technical pathway for flood control design and stormwater management in highly urbanized regions.
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