
高熵材料作为一种新型多元固溶体材料,凭借其高构型熵、晶格畸变效应及多元素协同作用,在锂离子电池关键材料领域展现出显著优势。近年来的研究表明,高熵正极材料如阳离子无序岩盐结构和高熵层状氧化物,通过多元阳离子无序排布与氧/氟阴离子调控,有效抑制充放电过程中的相变、氧析出和结构退化,显著提升比容量、循环稳定性及热安全性。在高熵负极材料方面,岩盐型、尖晶石型和钙钛矿型高熵氧化物以及高熵合金、高熵硫化物,借助多孔结构、丰富的氧空位和多元协同,有效缓解体积膨胀,提高锂离子扩散速率和结构稳定性,实现高可逆容量和长循环寿命。高熵策略也扩展至电解质设计,通过阳离子位点多金属化和阳离子-基体离子直接作用,显著提升固态电解质离子电导率。通过多阳离子位点无序化和多元盐/溶剂引入,优化液态电解质的溶剂化结构和界面稳定性,从而增强电池倍率性能和循环耐久性。总体而言,高熵材料通过熵稳定效应与“鸡尾酒效应”,显著提升电池材料的综合电化学性能,但仍需进一步探究其构效关系、锂离子存储机制,以推动其实际应用。
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grid.412252.2, 0000 0004 0368 6968, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,grid.412252.2, 0000 0004 0368 6968, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University At Qinhuangdao, 066004, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material, Hebei Province, 066004, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China,grid.412252.2, 0000 0004 0368 6968, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University At Qinhuangdao, 066004, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material, Hebei Province, 066004, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China,grid.412252.2, 0000 0004 0368 6968, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University At Qinhuangdao, 066004, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material, Hebei Province, 066004, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China,grid.412252.2, 0000 0004 0368 6968, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,grid.412252.2, 0000 0004 0368 6968, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,grid.412252.2, 0000 0004 0368 6968, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material, Hebei Province, 066004, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China,College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China of Science and Technology, 063210, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China.A high-entropy perovskite titanate lithium-ion battery anode[J].Journal of Materials Science,2020.
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Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Nano Functional Materials Technology Centre (NFMTC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. horst.hahn@kit.edu.,Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany. horst.hahn@kit.edu.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. ben.breitung@kit.edu.,Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. ben.breitung@kit.edu..High entropy oxides for reversible energy storage.[J].Nature communications,2018.
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