The phenomenon of a peak NOx conversion efficiency found in a test for NOx conversion under engine steady state condition was analyzed theoretically. A periodic injection control strategy for a urea-SCR system was put forward based on this phenomenon to promote NOx conversion efficiency. A test was designed and the comparison was made of the proposed urea-SCR periodic injection control strategy and a commercial urea-SCR injection control strategy. The result shows the former strategy has a remarkable improvement in terms of NOx conversion efficiency, urea injection dosing, NH3 slipping, and energy efficiency to urea ratio, which has a great significance in optimizing the injection control strategy of a urea-SCR system.