To address safety constraint challenges posed by integrating distributed photovoltaics （PV） into medium and low-voltage distribution networks， this paper develops a streamlined model for evaluating distributed PV hosting capacity under five typical distribution patterns of loads and distributed PV along the main line， and comprehensively encompasses six core constraints: equipment heavy reverse overload， voltage drop， voltage fluctuation， harmonic voltage， short-circuit current， and relay protection. For representative 10 kV line scenarios featuring varying lengths， conductor types and load magnitudes， the distributed PV hosting capacity is comprehensively calculated and analyzed based on four critical indicators: voltage drop， line current-carrying capacity， voltage fluctuation and harmonics. Results demonstrate the proposed multi-constraint model offers significant advantages， including minimal data requirements and reduced computational complexity， enabling its efficient application for rapid， large-scale PV hosting capacity assessment in medium and low-voltage distribution networks.