高湿电晕老化对复合绝缘子端部护套异常温升的影响及抑制措施

张育铭; 刘云鹏; 侯思祖; 耿江海

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高湿电晕老化对复合绝缘子端部护套异常温升的影响及抑制措施

更新时间：2026-02-03

- 高湿电晕老化对复合绝缘子端部护套异常温升的影响及抑制措施
- Vol. 53, Issue 1, Pages: 82-94(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 河北省输变电设备安全防御重点实验室(华北电力大学
  2. 河北省电力物联网技术重点实验室(华北电力大学
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： TM216
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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[1]张育铭,刘云鹏,侯思祖,等.高湿电晕老化对复合绝缘子端部护套异常温升的影响及抑制措施[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2026,53(01):82-94.

张育铭, 刘云鹏, 侯思祖, et al. 高湿电晕老化对复合绝缘子端部护套异常温升的影响及抑制措施[J]. 2026, 53(1): 82-94.
[1]张育铭,刘云鹏,侯思祖,等.高湿电晕老化对复合绝缘子端部护套异常温升的影响及抑制措施[J].华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2026,53(01):82-94. DOI：

张育铭, 刘云鹏, 侯思祖, et al. 高湿电晕老化对复合绝缘子端部护套异常温升的影响及抑制措施[J]. 2026, 53(1): 82-94. DOI：

摘要

以我国南方某沿海地区220 kV交流线路复合绝缘子异常温升巡检结果为背景，搭建了湿热电晕老化平台对复合绝缘子护套硅橡胶材料开展了人工加速老化试验，结合扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱分析(FTIR)及热重分析(TG)的方法对高场强条件下硅橡胶的劣化规律进行了分析；对老化后硅橡胶开展了吸湿增重试验及饱和吸湿介损的测量，分析了引起复合绝缘子端部护套异常发热的原因；通过温升试验及电热耦合有限元仿真计算研究了均压环配置方式对复合绝缘子高压端电热场分布的影响。试验及仿真结果表明：电晕老化会对硅橡胶表面形貌产生影响。PDMS分子链不断裂解导致与材料憎水性相关的基团含量减少使得其憎水性变差，且硅橡胶材料劣化及吸湿能力的增强导致其饱和吸湿介质损耗角正切值增加，进而导致复合绝缘子端部护套异常发热。通过合理配置均压环可以有效缓解复合绝缘子端部的电热场畸变程度，延长绝缘子服役寿命，同时减少护套老化复合绝缘子被误诊为酥朽绝缘子的概率。

Abstract

Based on the abnormal temperature rise inspection results of composite insulators on a 220 kV AC transmission line in a coastal area of southern China

a wet-heat corona aging platform is established to conduct accelerated aging tests on the silicone rubber sheath material of composite insulators. The degradation mechanism of the silicone rubber under high electric field conditions is analyzed using SEM

FTIR

and TG. Moisture absorption tests and saturated moisture absorption dielectric loss measurements are conducted on the aged silicone rubber to investigate the causes of abnormal heating in the end sheath. Temperature rise tests and electric-thermal coupling finite element simulation are performed to examine the influence of grading ring configuration on the electric-thermal field distribution at the high-voltage end. Experimental and simulation results show that corona aging affects the surface morphology of silicone rubber. The continuous breakdown of PDMS molecular chains reduces the content of hydrophobic groups

leading to a decline in hydrophobicity. Furthermore

the degradation and enhanced moisture absorption capacity of silicone rubber increase the loss tangent of saturated moisture absorption

ultimately causing abnormal heating in the end sheath. Optimizing the configuration of grading rings effectively mitigates electric-thermal field distortion

extends the service life of composite insulators

and reduces the likelihood of misdiagnosing aged composite insulators as decayed insulators.

关键词

Keywords

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