
蒸发冷却技术因其冷却效能高,在水轮发电机定子线棒冷却中具有广阔的应用前景,准确预测蒸发冷却管内传热特性对于水轮发电机的安全运行至关重要。本文旨在建立以十氟戊烷(HFC-4310)为工质的蒸发冷却管内的流动换热计算方法,根据不同尺寸选型的矩形空心导线在5000A~7500A负荷下的沿程温度分布数据,对比分析了三种单相流动换热(Kays-Crawford、Whitaker、Dittus-Boelter)关联式和四种饱和沸腾换热(Chen、Gungor-Winterton、Lazarek-Black、Li-Wu)关联式的准确性。误差分析结果表明,单相流动换热中Dittues-Boelter关联性能更准确地计算单相段沿程温度分布,饱和沸腾换热中Li-Wu关联式准确性最高,平均相对误差在5%以内。采用过冷沸腾的传热模型可有效提升预测精度,据此分析了5种矩形空心导线的实心管温度分布分析其散热性能,结果表明,在相同电流强度下,2.5×9.5的矩形空心导线冷却性能最佳。
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