滤波电容器振动与噪声多倍频现象及其产生机理模型

LI Jinyu; ZHU Lingyu; XIONG Yi; LEI Xiaoyan; JI Shengchang

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滤波电容器振动与噪声多倍频现象及其产生机理模型

更新时间：2025-12-08

- 滤波电容器振动与噪声多倍频现象及其产生机理模型
- Vol. 44, Issue 6, Pages: 2081-2088(2018)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室
  2. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC：
- Published Online：10 July 2018，
  
  Published：2018
- 稿件说明：
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LI Jinyu, ZHU Lingyu, XIONG Yi, et al. 滤波电容器振动与噪声多倍频现象及其产生机理模型[J]. 2018, 44(6): 2081-2088.
DOI：

LI Jinyu, ZHU Lingyu, XIONG Yi, et al. 滤波电容器振动与噪声多倍频现象及其产生机理模型[J]. 2018, 44(6): 2081-2088. DOI：

摘要

一般认为

在高压直流输电系统中滤波电容器的振动与噪声频谱为谐波电流各频率之间的差频、和频及每个谐波的二倍频。但某些电力电容器在测试中噪声频谱与目前电容器振动噪声机理所预测的并不一致。为此对该现象进行了研究

旨在完善滤波电容器振动与噪声的产生机理。试验结果表明

在加载单频谐波电流时

电容器噪声呈现出2种频率特性:1)噪声频谱为谐波电流频的整数倍;2)噪声频谱为谐波电流的偶数倍。这种电容器噪声特性称为多倍频现象。基于Lagrange力学原理

构建双极板电容器振动的动力学方程。将电容器极板间的电势能作为一种非定常外势能作用

并近似到极板间距的二阶项来反映电场与振动间的耦合作用。通过求解动力学方程

得到与试验结果一致的振动频谱。研究发现

引起电容器出现多倍频现象的原因是电场力与极板振动间存在耦合作用。当加载电流频率或其2倍频与电容器本身固有频率很接近时

多倍频现象更加显著。

Abstract

In HVDC systems

the vibraiton and audible noise of filter capacitors have frequency spectra

which are generally grouped by adding

subtracting and doubling between each harmonic currents frequencies. However

some filter power capacitors possess different frequency characteristics. Thus

we investigated these phenomena in order to consummate the mechanism of capacitor vibraiton and noise. Experimental results show that there are two types of frequency characteristics of noise generated by capacitors loading single frequency harmonic current: 1) noise frequency spectra are integer multiple of harmonic current; 2) noise frequency spectra are even-numbered multiple of harmonic current

which is called multi-times-frequency spectrum phenomenon.To analyze its mechanism

a dynamic equation of two-plate capacitor is established based on the Lagrange Mechanics. By solving the equation

the vibration of electrodes is consistent with vibration frequency of power capacitor in experiments. It is concluded that the coupling of vibration and electric field will lead to multi-times-frequency spectrum phenomenon. When the frequency or its double of harmonic current is closed to natural frequency of power capacitor

the multi-times-frequency spectrum phenomenon will be more notable.

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