Armature and Rail’s Dynamic Joule Heating Characteristic of the Electromagnetic Railguns

GENG Yiqing; LIU Hui; MA Zengshuai; YUAN Jiansheng

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Armature and Rail’s Dynamic Joule Heating Characteristic of the Electromagnetic Railguns

更新时间：2025-12-08

- Armature and Rail’s Dynamic Joule Heating Characteristic of the Electromagnetic Railguns
- Vol. 45, Issue 3, Pages: 799-804(2019)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京机械设备研究所
  2. 清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC：
- Published Online：14 March 2019，
  
  Published：2019
- 稿件说明：
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GENG Yiqing, LIU Hui, MA Zengshuai, et al. Armature and Rail’s Dynamic Joule Heating Characteristic of the Electromagnetic Railguns[J]. 2019, 45(3): 799-804.
DOI：

GENG Yiqing, LIU Hui, MA Zengshuai, et al. Armature and Rail’s Dynamic Joule Heating Characteristic of the Electromagnetic Railguns[J]. 2019, 45(3): 799-804. DOI：

摘要

电磁轨道炮发射过程中会产生大量的热

这些热量导致的效应严重影响着轨道炮寿命及发射效率。为了研究枢轨及其接触面温度场的变化规律

给出了一种在电磁–热–温度瞬态耦合场作用下焦尔热及其温升的数值计算方法

并分析了枢轨的焦尔热及其温升的特性。通过三维轨道炮模型下的有限元数值仿真

首先研究了电磁轨道炮在脉冲波形电流下的电磁场特性;然后计算分析了电枢轨道及枢轨接触面的温度变化。结果表明:电枢的最大电流密度及温度出现在电枢头部内侧拐点位置

其相应产生的温度可达2 000℃以上。枢轨接触面上最大电流密度及温度值始终分布在电枢和轨道的外侧边缘

同时枢轨接触面上的焦尔热对接触面的温升影响很小

且远没有达到枢轨材料熔化的熔点。因此

焦耳热主要对枢轨接触面边缘位置的温升起着重要的作用

但并不会使枢轨接触面的大部分材料发生熔化。

Abstract

A large amount of heat is generated during the electromagnetic railgun launching

and theheat seriously affects the life and launch efficiency of the railgun. In order to study the variation of the temperature field of the armature rails and its contact surfaces

we put forward a method of analyzing joule heating and its temperature under the electromagnetic-heat-temperature transient coupling field. The joule heating and temperature characteristics of the armature and rails were also studied. Through the finite element numerical simulation of the three-dimensional railgun model

the electromagnetic feature of armature and rails under the pulse waveform current was analyzed firstly. Afterwards

the corresponding temperatures of the armature/rail and their interfaces were also studied. The results show that the maximum current density and temperature of the armature appear at the inner inflection point

and its temperature can reach2 000 ℃. The maximum current density and the temperature of the interfaces distribute on the outer edges

and the joule heat has little effect on the temperature rise of the contact surfaces

which is far from reaching of the melting points of the armature and rails. Therefore

Joule heat plays an important role in the temperature rise of the edge position of the armature/rail contact surfaces

but does not melt most of the material on the contact surface.

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