Axial magnetic field is an effective way to control vacuum arc. For vacuum switch

anode erosion of vacuum arc has an important influence on the successful breaking of vacuum switch. In this paper

the experiments and simulation research status of vacuum switch anode erosion process under axial magnetic field are reviewed. Firstly

the classification of anode mode and the theory of anode spot formation are summarized. Then

the current status of experimental research on anode region at home and abroad is introduced from the aspects of anode surface temperature

anode melting and molten pool swirling

anode spot temperature and anode jet

so as to understand the complex physical phenomenon of anode activity. According to the continuous development of modeling and simulation

from the one-dimensional thermal model of the anode to the two-dimensional anode molten pool deformation MHD model and the two-dimensional deflected anode erosion model and to the three-dimensional transient anode activity model

the principles of each model and the main simulation results are introduced respectively. Finally

through the comparison between the simulation results and the experimental results

the shortcomings of the vacuum switch anode activity experiment and modeling and simulation under the axial magnetic field are discussed

and the possible research directions in the future are proposed.