Breakdown Characteristics of Heat-resistant Inter-turn Insulation Materials in High-frequency Transformers

ZHAO Yikun; ZHANG Guoqiang; GUO Runrui; WAN Liujie; LIU Yang; YANG Fuyao

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Breakdown Characteristics of Heat-resistant Inter-turn Insulation Materials in High-frequency Transformers

更新时间：2025-12-08

- Breakdown Characteristics of Heat-resistant Inter-turn Insulation Materials in High-frequency Transformers
- Vol. 46, Issue 2, Pages: 657-665(2020)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院电工研究所
  2. 中国科学院大学
  3. 国家电网全球能源互联网研究院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC：
- Published Online：29 February 2020，
  
  Published：2020
- 稿件说明：
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ZHAO Yikun, ZHANG Guoqiang, GUO Runrui, et al. Breakdown Characteristics of Heat-resistant Inter-turn Insulation Materials in High-frequency Transformers[J]. 2020, 46(2): 657-665.
DOI：

ZHAO Yikun, ZHANG Guoqiang, GUO Runrui, et al. Breakdown Characteristics of Heat-resistant Inter-turn Insulation Materials in High-frequency Transformers[J]. 2020, 46(2): 657-665. DOI：

摘要

高压高频变压器长期运行于频率为1～20 kHz的非正弦电压下

为研究绕组匝间绝缘的耐压能力

以Nomex纸、改性DMD纸、PET薄膜以及PI薄膜为研究对象

在高频电源产生的1～20 kHz、0～20 kV双极性高频方波电压下开展了击穿特性实验研究。利用双参数Weibull统计法计算材料的绝缘失效率

讨论特征击穿电压与频率的关系;基于乘幂函数拟合计算U-t特性曲线及特征关系式

分析高频方波下U-t特性随频率的变化规律;最后结合组合导线匝绝缘结构特点

探究不同频率下介质厚度对击穿电压的影响。实验结果表明:基于Weibull分布的特征击穿电压随频率的提高而显著下降

击穿电压下降速率在1～5kHz频率范围达到最大值;U-t特性曲线随频率的提升而明显下移

高频热效应是导致击穿电压下降及长期运行绝缘寿命缩短的主要原因;电场不均匀度与热量的增加导致击穿电压随厚度呈非线性变化

频率的提高使非线性变化趋势愈发明显。

Abstract

High-voltage high-frequency transformers are usually operated for a long time at a non-sinusoidal voltage with a frequency of 1～20 kHz. To study the withstand voltage capability of windings and inter-turn insulation

we experimentally investigated the high-frequency insulation characteristics of Nomex paper

modified DMD composite paper

PET film and PI film under 1～20 kHz

0～20 kV of high-frequency excitation voltage. The two-parameter Weibull statistic method was used to calculate the insulation failure efficiency of insulation materials

and the relationship between breakdown voltage and frequency was analyzed. The U-t characteristic curves and characteristic formulae of the insulation material were calculated based on the power function model

and the variation of U-t characteristics with frequency under high frequency square wave voltage was analyzed. Finally

we studied the effects of insulation thickness on the breakdown voltage at different frequencies. The experimental results show that the characteristic breakdown voltage based on the Weibull distribution decreases with the increase of the frequency

and the drop rate reaches the maximum at 1～5 kHz. The U-t characteristic curve shifts with the increase of frequency

and the high-frequency thermal effect is the main cause of breakdown voltage drop and shortened insulation life in long-term operation. The non-uniformity of the electric field and the increase of heat can cause the breakdown voltage to change non-linearly with the thickness. The increase of the frequency expands the trend of non-linear change.

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