Research of Thermal Runaway and Internal Evolution Mechanism of Lithium Iron Phosphate Energy Storage Battery

LIU Yang; TAO Fengbo; SUN Lei; GUO Dongliang; MA Yong; LIU Hui; XIAO Peng

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Research of Thermal Runaway and Internal Evolution Mechanism of Lithium Iron Phosphate Energy Storage Battery

更新时间：2025-12-08

- Research of Thermal Runaway and Internal Evolution Mechanism of Lithium Iron Phosphate Energy Storage Battery
- Vol. 47, Issue 4, Pages: 1333-1343(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院
  2. 上海动力储能电池系统工程技术有限公司
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC：
- Published Online：30 April 2021，
  
  Published：2021
- 稿件说明：
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LIU Yang, TAO Fengbo, SUN Lei, et al. Research of Thermal Runaway and Internal Evolution Mechanism of Lithium Iron Phosphate Energy Storage Battery[J]. 2021, 47(4): 1333-1343.
DOI：

LIU Yang, TAO Fengbo, SUN Lei, et al. Research of Thermal Runaway and Internal Evolution Mechanism of Lithium Iron Phosphate Energy Storage Battery[J]. 2021, 47(4): 1333-1343. DOI：

摘要

目前国内磷酸铁锂电池储能电站大规模建设投运

但磷酸铁锂电池热失控风险较为突出

储能电站火灾隐患始终存在。该文针对磷酸铁锂储能电池设计了绝热热失控定点冷却实验

开展了磷酸铁锂电池热失控不同阶段的材料特性演变研究;然后得到了电池自发热起始温度、自加热起始温度、泄压阀打开温度和热失控最高温度

并分析了不同热失控阶段电池正极、负极、隔膜等固态组件的成分和结构变化规律。结果表明

磷酸铁锂电池热失控初期反应主要集中在负极和电解液中

热失控风险安全处置温度范围为60～100℃。研究结果可为磷酸铁锂电池储能电站的安全防护和热失控预警提供重要数据支撑。

Abstract

Domestic power stations of LiFePO

battery energy storage have been built and put into operation on a large scale

however

the thermal runaway risk of lithium iron phosphate batteries is relatively prominent

and the fire hazard of energy storage power stations always exists. Aiming at the LiFePO

battery

we designed the adiabatic thermal runaway fixed-point cooling experiments. The electrical and material characteristics of LiFePO

batteries in different stages of thermal runaway were studied. Then

the starting temperature point of self heating

the starting temperature point of self production heat

the opening temperature point of pressure relief valve and the highest temperature point of thermal runaway were gained. Finally

change rules of composition and structure changes of solid components such as positive pole

negative pole and

diaphragm were analyzed. The results show that the initial reaction of thermal runaway of LiFePO

battery is mainly concentrated in the negative pole and electrolyte

and the safe treatment temperature range is 60～100 ℃ under the risk of thermal runaway. The study can provide important data support for the safety protection and thermal runaway warning of LiFePO

battery energy storage power stations.

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