Abstract: The promotion and application of the UAV line patrol has made live power maintenance ＆ repair possible,and has materially improved the maintenance and repair speed.Therefore,planning the UAV portal route in a reasonable and refine way has become an urgent issue to be addressed. This paper deals with the route of the UAV patrol. First,according to the characteristics of the UAV patrol path planning, the environment model of UAV patrol operation is established;second, the objective function with the lowest energy consumption and the longest patrol time is established,and the ant colony algorithm is used to solve it,and the shooting point and route of the target are optimized; finally, the GPS positioning function is used to realize the function of UAV automatic line patrol,and the command system of UAV line patrol is established. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can shorten the inspection path,reduce the number of photos to be collected, improve the inspection efficiency and reduce the number of photos to be analyzed.