Robust Pricing Strategy of Power Retailer Considering Linkage of Real-time Market

As a bridge connecting the power wholesale market and retail markets, power retailers are important subjects in the power market-oriented reform, whose operation efficiency directly determines the success or failure of the market-oriented reform. However, the power retailers are faced with the market risks of double uncertainties of power demands and prices in the operation process. It is urgent to optimize the market behavior to protect their own interests. Therefore, a robust pricing strategy considering the linkage of the real-time markets is proposed to improve the anti-risk ability of the power retailers. Firstly, considering the factors of day-ahead pricing, day-ahead purchasing, real-time energy management, demand & response of the electric vehicle users, marginal clearing prices in the power markets, a robust pricing model for the power retailers is established. Then, the robust pricing model is transformed into a two-stage mixed integer programming by the linearization method, which is solved iteratively by the column and constraint generation algorithm. Finally, the simulation is carried out on the IEEE-33 bus test system. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy fully considers the influences of market uncertainties. It uses the hedging mechanism to reduce the market risks and improve the operation efficiency of the power retailers.