Abstract: Topography is one of the important factors that affect the regional lightning characteristics. Clarifying the correlation between the ground lightning activity and the local topography is a prerequisite for assessing the level of lightning hazards in the hazard-pregnant environment and taking active protections. In this paper, the lightning location observation data from 2010 to 2019, the 30m resolution digital elevation model data and the 10m resolution surface coverage data in Yunnan Province are used to analyze the statistical characteristics of altitudes, slopes, aspects, terrain location indexes, surface coverage types and lightning density by using the mathematical statistics. The entropy weight method is used to construct the comprehensive indexes of environmental sensitivity of lightning disasters. The quantitative evaluation of different factors shows that the terrain location index has the biggist weight, followed the altitude, and the slope has the smallest weight. Through the correlation analysis between the lightning density and the sensitivity, the correlated coefficient between them is 0.473, which shows the effectiveness of using the environmental sensitivity to assess the regional lightning risks.