Abstract: Under the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the increasing proportion of renewable energy generation and the continuous growth of electrical demand have affected the supply and demand balance of the power system significantly. Residential loads, characterized by their large quantities, fast response speeds and flexible control capabilities, have gradually become an important resource to facilitate the power system's dispatch and control capability and have become a hot research topic in recent years. This paper investigates the latest research results and summarizes the key technologies for residential loads participating in power system dispatch and control from four aspects: the control mechanism, adjustable characteristics, control strategies and application scenarios. The optimization algorithms to generate control strategies and the multiple dispatch and control scenarios in which residential loads can participate are compared in detail. To address the practical challenges faced by the present implementation of residential load dispatch, this paper highlights the key issues including market mechanism construction, fast and precise perception of adjustable capability, as well as the optimization and execution of control strategies in weak communication environments under the framework of cyber-physical-social system. Finally, prospects are made for future research directions.