Abstract: The power system takes an essential position in the energy consumption and carbon emissions in China. Low carbon transition and the construction of renewable power-dominated new power systems play vital roles in achieving the emission peak and carbon neutrality targets. Firstly, this paper analyzes the transition trend of electric power research systems from the perspective of electricity to the perspective of carbon. Then, a review of the current research on the power system under the perspective of carbon is presented. Based on the power system research framework, this paper analyzes the key scientific problems in the power system low carbon transition process from two aspects of the power system whole link carbon emission metering and "strategy-technique- market" coordinated carbon-reduction solution. On the basis of this, this paper proposes a research framework for the construction of the new power system from four aspects of carbon metering and carbon tracing, carbon planning and carbon trajectory, carbon reduction and carbon optimization, carbon market and carbon trading. Then, the key research contents are analyzed and elaborated.