Abstract: The formulation of reasonable and effective electricity price strategy and EV charging and discharging strategy can provide guarantee for the economic and stable operation of power grids. In this paper, considering the interests of load users, virtual power plant operators and the upper power grid, a real-time electricity price model based on price demand response is established to smooth the fluctuation of net load power. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is improved by introducing multi-population interaction, simulated annealing, optimal individual disturbance and other mechanisms, and the real-time electricity price scheme is obtained by using the algorithm. Then, based on the time-shift characteristics of EVs in residential areas, the optimal scheduling model is established with the maximum benefit of VPP and the minimum charging cost of EVs as scheduling objectives on the two-day economic scheduling time scale of VPP. The calculation example verifies that the strategy improves the stability and economy of VPP operation, and reduces the average interaction electricity and peak-valley difference with the upper power grid.