Abstract: At present, the operation and maintenance of substation automation equipment mainly rely on the on-site operation of operation and maintenance personnel, which increases the time cost for operation and maintenance personnel to travel back and forth to the substation site, and also reduces the efficiency of operation and maintenance work. To improve work efficiency and reduce costs, the article proposes a remote operation and maintenance mode for substation automation equipment based on key remote operation and maintenance technologies, achieving remote, safe, efficient and portable operation and maintenance of automation equipment. This article focuses on the key technologies in the remote operation and maintenance mode of automation equipment, including channel control technology, namely management channels and operation and maintenance channels, management channels receiving management messages to control the opening and closing of operation and maintenance channels; Remote communication security technology, a secure communication technology based on the transport layer cryptography protocol (TLCP) tunnel for management channels and operation and maintenance channels; Remote security operation and maintenance audit technology, the operation and maintenance master station conducts security operation and maintenance audit technology on substation automation equipment, including auditing, screen recording, high-risk instruction interception, operation and maintenance process monitoring, and operation and maintenance screen blocking based on secure shell protocol (SSH), secure file transfer protocol (SFTP), and virtual network console (VNC) protocols, ensuring the safety and controllability of the entire operation and maintenance process; Finally, through the research and implementation of these key technologies, the safety risks of remote operation and maintenance of substation automation equipment can be basically solved, the efficiency of operation and maintenance work can be improved, and the safety and traceability of each link in remote operation and maintenance can be ensured.