Abstract: Hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) can break through the intrinsic limitation of solid quartz fiber due to material defects and achieve lower transmission loss and delay, which is the research focus of novel communication fiber. In this paper, the light conduction mechanism, design and manufacture, transmission characteristics test research of HC-ARF are described. The challenges of HC-ARF in practical engineering application and the next research directions are discussed. For the requirements of power communication service scenarios including low time delay, ultra-long distance and communication sensor integration, low-loss and low-delay HC-ARF will have broad application prospects. The research of HC-ARF presented in this paper provides reference value and reference for the application of power industry.