Abstract: The high proportion of power electronic equipment connected to the grid changes the frequency response characteristics of the power system, resulting in significant frequency dynamic heterogeneity of each node, leading to problems such as low system inertia and weak frequency stability. The virtual inertia provided by the power electronic equipment is one of the effective ways to improve frequency stability. In order to improve the frequency response performance of the new power system dominated by renewable energy sources, a configuration optimization method of virtual inertia considering the spatial distribution difference of the system frequency response is proposed. Firstly, based on the frequency divider theory, a system frequency response model reflecting the difference characteristics of the spatial distribution of frequency is constructed. Secondly, in order to quantitatively describe the influence of inertia distribution on nodal frequency response, the deviation indices of nodal inertia and nodal kinetic energy are proposed. Then, considering the spatial distribution characteristics of frequency, aiming at optimizing the energy imbalance of each node after the disturbance, a configuration optimization model of virtual inertia is established. Finally, the validity of the nodal inertia index and the improvement effect of the proposed virtual inertia configuration method on the nodal frequency stability of the system are verified by simulations.