基于线性优化的电动汽车换电站最优充放电策略
An Optimal Charging/Discharging Strategy for Electric Vehicle Battery Swapping Stations Based on Linear Optimization
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摘要: 电动汽车的充放电行为会对电网运行的安全性和经济性产生重要影响。文中首先比较和分析3种常用充电模式的特点与适用场合。其次,基于分时电价机制,分析电动汽车换电站的运营与盈利模式,并以此为依据建立换电站的收益函数。然后,基于一定的简化和假设条件,以换电站运营收益最大化为目标函数,兼顾各类运营约束条件,建立换电站最优充放电策略的线性优化模型。最后,以2种电价定价方式验证建立的模型。算例表明,文中提出的优化模型简单有效,所得研究结果可以帮助电动汽车换电站运营方获得最大经济收益,同时也可以为电网管理部门对换电站的管理与调度提供依据。Abstract: The charging and discharging activities of electric vehicles（EV）can exert significant effects on the safety and economy of power system operation.This paper first compares and analyzes three most common EV battery charging modes. Then,based on the time-of-use（TOU）pricing mechanism,the operation and arbitration modes of electric vehicle battery swapping stations（EVBSS）are analyzed,and the benefit function of the EVBSS is proposed.Then,based on definite simplified on assumptions,taking the maximum operating income of EVBSS as the objective function,a linear programming model for EVBSS optimal charge/discharge strategy is established and solved.Finally,it is verified at two different energy pricings.Case study shows that the optimization model proposed is simple and effective.The work of this paper can help EVBSS operators gain maximum economic benefits and give evidence for grid management departments on EVBSS management and dispatching.
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