Abstract: Virtual distribution transformers and virtual distribution feeders organically incorporate conventional distribution transformers and distribution feeders with controllable power electronic conversion circuits and series-parallel energy storage units, respectively. They are vital means to explore new scenarios for the integration and development of energy storage, build clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient distribution network, and realize a high proportion of distributed renewable energy accommodation in multiple regions. This paper defines the concept of virtual distribution transformer and virtual distribution feeder with the fundamental idea of “function virtualization” of distribution network equipment, and elaborates their functional architectures. On this basis, the relevant research status and engineering practice at home and abroad are summarized, the key technologies of virtual distribution transformers and virtual distribution feeders are discussed, and the future research directions are prospected, The aim of this paper is to provide useful references for the future research and application of virtual distribution transformers and virtual distribution feeders.