Abstract: With the development of artificial intelligence and big data technology, reasonable and efficient analysis of power data can empower the business of power companies to improve their work effectiveness. At the same time, the intelligent acquisition device provides massive measurement data, laying a solid foundation for data empowerment in the lean operation of low-voltage power distribution and consumption systems. In order to better summarize the past research and enlighten potential ideas, the lean operation of low-voltage power distribution and consumption systems is mainly divided into five parts, i. e., the evaluation of measurement devices and monitoring of abnormal measurement data, the user-phase identification and three-phase unbalance regulation, the user-transformer and topology relationship identifications in low-voltage areas, the abnormal power utilization and electricity theft detection, and the user-side service evaluation. The key technologies and algorithms of data empowerment in the lean operation of power distribution systems are introduced in detail, respectively, and the shortcomings of current research and prospects are also given.