基于深度学习和蒙特卡洛树搜索的机组恢复在线决策
Online Decision-making for Generator Start-up Based on Deep Learning and Monte Carlo Tree Search
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摘要: 针对大停电后电力系统初始状态和恢复过程中线路恢复状况的不确定性,提出一种基于深度学习和蒙特卡洛树搜索(MCTS)的机组恢复在线决策方法。采用一种深度学习算法——稀疏自动编码器(SAE)对自动生成的训练集进行训练,建立估值网络;根据系统状态,利用改进的上限置信区间(UCT)算法、支路修剪技术和估值网络对机组恢复措施进行MCTS;汇总并行的多次MCTS结果,以加权机组发电量为决策指标确定最终的恢复措施。以新英格兰10机39节点系统和山东西部电网为例验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性;相比于传统方法,所提方法能够获得具有较高鲁棒性的恢复方案,并有效应对机组恢复过程中的多种不确定性状况。Abstract: For the uncertainty of the initial condition of power system after blackout and the restoration condition of transmission lines during restoration,an online decision-making strategy for generator start-up is proposed based on deep learning and Monte Carlo tree search(MCTS).A method for training samples is proposed to generate samples of generator start-up atomically.The sparse autoencoder(SAE)is introduced to train the training samples for a value network.Based on the condition of power system,the modified upper confidence bound apply to tree(MUCT)algorithm,value network and move pruning are applied in MCTS to search the next restored line.The weighted total generation capability is proposed as a decisionmaking index to summarize the parallel computing results of MCTS and decide the next restored lines.Results of IEEE New England 10-unit 39-bus power system and the Western Shandong power grid demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy,and the online strategy is compared with traditional strategy to show its robustness and ability of handling different uncertain situations during generator start-up.