Abstract: With the deep integration of the Internet of Things（IoT） and energy networks, information interaction and sharing between the Energy Internet and society, people, environment, economy and traffic can be achieved at anytime and anywhere.Moreover, different computing architecture models, i. e., edge computing, cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence technologies are integrated into IoT, which makes data modeling and analysis more intelligent, more efficient and more reliable.Therefore, under the circumstances of IoT, it is relatively mature to discuss the energy ecosystem which possesses self-awareness ability. This paper constructs a self-aware Energy Internet based on IoT. Firstly, according to the concept of the self-awareness in psychology, the meaning of the self-aware Energy Internet is explored. Secondly, the importance of IoT in the construction of the self-aware Energy Internet is elaborated. Thirdly, the information interaction model and the information processing model of selfaware Energy Internet are constructed, especially from the perspective of data-driven. Finally, some critical issues of the selfaware Energy Internet are concluded, and then the main research topics are given from different aspects.