Abstract: The generalized load dispersed in the new distribution system has a certain regulation potential, which provides an effective way to deal with the source-load rebalancing caused by the rising penetration of renewable energy. The observability of generalized load characteristics is the premise for the load side to participate in the regulation. This paper discusses the connotation,assessment and improvement of generalized load observability. Firstly, the concept and connotation of observability are clarified,and three levels of observability research are proposed based on generalized load characteristics and power grid regulation requirements, namely, component identification, proportion estimation and situation analysis around typical components of generalized load. On this basis, the characteristics of typical load components are analyzed and the selection principle of observability assessment method is proposed. Then, the measurement configuration scheme is discussed for the purpose of improving observability, and the ideas for value mining of measurement data are sorted out. Finally, the research on generalized load observability in new distribution systems is prospected, including the overall framework, assessment and improvement.