Abstract: India’s potential power reliability hazards in aspects like generation planning,transmission planning,grid infrastructure,management system,primary energy,environmental constraint,market economy and information technology,which together aggravate the power disaster,have been revealed by the "7·30" blackout.These factors,which influence the power supply adequacy and security in a similar manner as transmission congestion does,can be called by a generic term as generalized congestions.Different participants’ attempts to benefit from multi-gaming by utilizing generalized congestions,will in turn aggravate congestions.From this perspective,the inevitability of India’s power disaster,occasionality of trigger event and inherent evolution law of blackout are reflected,the enlightenment on China’s power industry is discussed,and blackout risk control measures are explored in this paper.The positive role of strong smart grid in ensuring energy and environment security is highlighted.