基于残差U型网络的低压台区电力缺失数据补全方法
Residual U-Net Based Complementation Method for Missing Electricity Data of Low-voltage Stations
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摘要: 低压台区的用户电力数据在采集、传输等环节出现无规律缺失导致后续台区应用分析出现误差,为保证低压台区电力数据的完整性,提出了基于残差U型网络(RU-Net)的多用户电力缺失数据补全方法。首先,根据低压台区多用户电力数据缺失的特点,将电力数据构成可供一维卷积操作的时空张量数据格式。然后,利用RU-Net的编码与解码能力实现缺失数据的重构,通过引入残差学习以及批归一化层来优化网络结构。最后,基于所提方法对某台区用户功率数据随机缺失和连续缺失2种情况进行补全。结果表明,该方法能补全随机缺失率不超过40%与连续缺失不超过2 d的台区电力数据,且在补全精度方面相比于传统方法有一定程度的提高。Abstract: The irregular missing of user electricity data in the collection and transmission of low-voltage station can lead to errors in the subsequent application analysis of the station area. In order to ensure the integrity of electricity data in the low-voltage station,this paper proposes a multi-user missing electricity data complementation method based on the residual U-Net(RU-Net). First,according to the characteristics of missing multi-user electricity data in low-voltage stations, the electricity data are formed into a spatio-temporal tensor data format that can be operated by one-dimensional convolution. Then, the coding and decoding capabilities of RU-Net are used to reconstruct the missing data, and the network structure is optimized by introducing residual learning and batch normalization layers. Finally, based on the proposed method, two cases of random missing and consecutive missing user electricity data in some stations are complemented. The results show that the method can complement the electricity data of a station with random missing rate not more than 40% and consecutive missing rate not more than 2 days. The proposed method has a certain degree of improvement in precision compared with the traditional method.