Low-frequency Oscillation Mechanism Analysis and Damping Compensation Control of Virtual Synchronous Direct-driven Wind Turbine Generators
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摘要: 虚拟同步机技术可有效提升电网的电压支撑能力，但也引入了复杂的低频振荡问题。目前，对传统虚拟同步机的低频振荡研究大多忽略直流侧及机侧动态，难以准确刻画虚拟同步直驱风机的低频振荡特性。为解决上述问题，首先，建立了计及机侧动态和直流电压动态的统一阻尼转矩模型，利用阻尼转矩法揭示了机侧转子动态产生的负阻尼转矩是导致风机低频振荡的主要原因，并分析了各环节对风机低频振荡特性的影响规律。进一步，提出了阻尼补偿控制以削弱机侧动态的负阻尼效应，有效提升了机侧耦合下风机并网系统的稳定性。最后，简要分析了所提控制在多机系统的适用性，并基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了理论分析的准确性和所提控制的有效性。Abstract: Virtual synchronous generator（VSG） technology can effectively improve the voltage support ability of the power grid.However,it also introduces complex low-frequency oscillation（LFO） problems.At present,most of the LFO studies on traditional VSG ignore the DC-side and generator-side dynamics,which makes it difficult to accurately characterize the LFO characteristics of virtual synchronous direct-driven wind turbine generators.To deal with the above problems,a unified damping torque model considering both the generator-side dynamics and the DC voltage dynamics is established.By using the damping torque method,it is revealed that the negative damping torque produced by the rotor dynamics on the generator side is the main reason of the LFO for wind turbines.Then,the influence law of each link on the LFO characteristics of the wind turbine is analyzed.Furthermore,a damping compensation control is proposed to reduce the negative damping effect of the machine-side dynamics and effectively improve the stability of wind turbine generator grid-connected system under machine-side coupling.Finally,the applicability of the proposed control in multi-computer systems is briefly analyzed,and the cases studies based on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation are conducted to verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed control.
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