Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the distribution network cannot guarantee the safe and reliable power consumption during the typhoon extreme disasters, considering the influence of spatial-temporal evolution of typhoon on the line fault status of distribution networks, a robust optimization of configuration and operation strategy of mobile energy storage in the distribution network based on scenario probability is proposed to enhance the resilience of distribution networks. Firstly, after the geographical area of distribution networks is gridded, the mapping coordinate system is built. The spatial-temporal evolution model of the typhoon disaster is established based on the meteorological information, and then the spatial-temporal characteristic matrix of the distribution line failure rate is established. Secondly, based on the spatial-temporal characteristic probability matrix of line failure,the vulnerable lines are determined, and the robust optimization is used to find the optimal configuration and operation strategy of mobile energy storage in the probability scenario to minimize the economic loss of the disaster-affected distribution network during the typhoon disaster. A three-layer robust optimization model is established for the optimal configuration and operation of mobile energy storage, and the flexibility of mobile energy storage is fully used to provide the phased power support for the distribution network during the typhoon disaster. Finally, the improved IEEE 33-bus distribution network is used for case analysis and the applicability of the proposed optimal strategy is illustrated.