Abstract: Aiming at the problem of how to improve the economy as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the reliability of power supply when the generation capacity configuration of stand-alone microgrid is optimized, an optimal configuration method of generation capacity for the stand-alone microgrid with pumped heat energy storage（PHES） considering source-load uncertainty and incentive demand response（DR） is proposed. Firstly, the basic structure of stand-alone microgrid with PHES is introduced. On this basis, the working principle of PHES is explained and the simplified mathematical model of PHES is established. Secondly,uncertain scenario sets are built based on the robust optimization method. Then, a bi-level robust optimization model of capacity configuration considering incentive DR is established. Finally, the model is solved by using the genetic algorithm combined with the mixed-integer linear programming. The example results show that, PHES, a new type of energy storage with low cost and not restricted by geographical conditions, can be used as the system energy storage scheme to replace the high-cost battery energy storage for further improving the economy. Considering the influence of the combination of source-load uncertainty and DR on the configuration results, the optimal configuration model of stand-alone microgrid can be improved to make the configuration results more reasonable.