Layout planning of electric vehicle charging stations in urban areas
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摘要: 电动汽车的大量推广必须以科学合理的充电设施规划为基础。提出一种城区电动汽车充电站布局规划方法。首先，在城区电动汽车快充需求分布预测基础上，以充电站内充电机数量、充电站与快充需求点间距离以及充电站间距离为约束，充电站社会年总成本最小为目标，建立兼顾充电站、电动汽车用户以及电网三方利益的充电站选址定容模型。然后，采用Voronoi图联合改进粒子群算法对模型进行求解。通过Voronoi图划分充电站服务区域，再利用改进粒子群算法进行全局寻优，得到规划区域内充电站选址定容最优方案。最后，以某城区为例进行仿真，验证了所提方法的有效性。Abstract: The large-scale promotion of electric vehicles must be based on scientific planning of charging facilities. A layout planning method for electric vehicle charging stations in urban areas is proposed. First, taking the number of chargers in a charging station, the distance between the charging station and fast charging demand point, and the distance between charging stations as constraints, a siting and sizing model with the goal of minimizing the social annual cost of the charging stations is established. This is based on the prediction of electric vehicle fast charging demand distribution in urban areas. This model considers the interests of charging station, electric vehicle users and the power grid. Then, the model is analyzed by a Voronoi diagram combined with an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. The service area of the charging station is divided by the Voronoi diagram, and the optimal solution is found by improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. In this way, the optimal siting and sizing plan of charging stations in the planning area is obtained. Finally, an urban area is taken as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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